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This is a chronological index for the start year for motor vehicle brands (up to 1969). For manufacturers that went on to produce many models, it represents the start date of the whole brand; for the others, it usually represents the date of appearance of the main (perhaps only) model that was produced.

This also gives an idea of what motor vehicles were appearing on the streets in each country around each date (allowing, too, for imports from other countries). Moreover, by showing which models were contemporary, it gives a first indication of how individual designers were being influenced by each other, and a flavor of the entrepreneurial spirit and dynamics of the pioneering days of motor vehicle manufacture.[1][2]

Within each year, and country of origin, the lists are structured according to the type of vehicle first introduced. These include the following types: steam, electric, hybrid electric, internal-combustion, touring car, roadster, tonneau, phaeton, cyclecar, light car, voiturette, runabout, high wheeler, buggy, tricar, motor quadricycle, motor tricycle, motorcycle, coach, bus, fire-engine, truck, tractor, racing car, avant-train.


Veteran era


Amédée père designed the Mancelle, which is regarded as the first automobile to be put into series production - 1878
Amédée père designed the Mancelle, which is regarded as the first automobile to be put into series production - 1878

1860


Thomas Rickett's steam-powered car was particularly notable in the history of motor vehicle production inasmuch as several examples were made, and it was also advertised.

UK. Steam: Rickett


1861


US. Steam: Ware Steam Wagon


1873


The Bollée family played a significant part in the history of motor vehicle manufacture; the father with his steam car, and one of his sons, in 1895, with an internal-combustion engine design.

France. Steam bus: Amédée Bollée


1883


1885 Benz Tri-Car
1885 Benz Tri-Car

France. Steam: De Dion-Bouton (later internal-combustion, with a patent in 1889)


1884


France. Internal-combustion: Delamare-Deboutteville


1885


Karl Benz's vehicle was the first true automobile, entirely designed as such, rather than simply being a motorized stage coach or horse carriage. This is why he was granted his patent, and is regarded as its inventor. His wife and sons became the first true motorists, in 1889, when they took the car out for the specific task of paying a family visit.

Germany. Internal-combustion: Benz

UK. Internal-combustion: Butler

Austria-Hungary. Internal-combustion: Laurin & Klement (later Škoda)

US. Electric: Armstrong Electric

Panhard-Levassor (1890-1895). This model was the first automobile to circulate in Portugal
Panhard-Levassor (1890-1895). This model was the first automobile to circulate in Portugal

1852


Russia. Motorcycle: Alexander Leutner & Co.


1887


UK. Motorcycle: New Imperial


1889


The first Daimler car was a converted carriage, but with innovations that are still adopted today (cushioned engine mountings, fan cooling, finned-radiator water cooling).[3]

France. Steam: Peugeot (later internal-combustion, and the first to be entered in an organised race, albeit for bicycles, Paris–Brest–Paris)

Germany. Internal-combustion: Daimler (DMG)

UK. Internal-combustion: Santler

US. Internal-combustion rotary engine: Adams-Farwell


1890


Panhard and Levassor's design of a front-mounted engine established the layout of the majority of cars since then.

France. Internal-combustion: Panhard-Levassor


1891


The 1891 Buckeye Gasoline Buggy
The 1891 Buckeye Gasoline Buggy

US. Steam: Black; steam tractor: Avery; internal-combustion: Buckeye gasoline buggy


1893


France. Electric (and later internal-combustion): Jeantaud

UK. Steam: Straker-Squire (also known as Brazil Straker)

US. Internal-combustion: Elmore, Duryea


1894


France. Internal-combustion: Audibert & Lavirotte, Berliet, Delahaye

UK. Electric: Garrard & Blumfield

US. Electric: Electrobat

Morris and Salom in the 1894 Electrobat
Morris and Salom in the 1894 Electrobat

1895


France. Internal-combustion: Léon Bollée, Corre, Rochet-Schneider

UK. Internal-combustion: Knight, Lanchester

US. Electric: Morris & Salom

US. Internal-combustion: De La Vergne


1896


In the UK, the Locomotives on Highways Act 1896 replaced the hugely restrictive Locomotive Acts of 1861, 1865 and 1878 (the so-called Red Flag acts) thereby finally freeing up the automotive industry in the UK (and, incidentally, was also the origin of the celebrations of the first London to Brighton Veteran Car Run). Knight had been convicted under the old act, the previous year, for not having a man precede his vehicle with a red flag, and Walter Arnold was the first person to be convicted, in January 1896, for exceeding the speed limit. Meanwhile, Serpollet was issued with what was effectively the first driving licence.

1896 Yakovlev-Frese
1896 Yakovlev-Frese

France. Steam: Gardner-Serpollet; internal-combustion: Clément-Gladiator, Dalifol, Darracq, Lorraine-Dietrich, Triouleyre; voiturette: Dalifol & Thomas, Goujon, Léon Bollée; motorcycle: Clément and Gladiator

Italy. Internal-combustion: Enrico Bernardi

Russia. Internal-combustion: Yakovlev-Frese

UK. Steam: Leyland; internal-combustion: Anglo-French, Arnold, Arrol-Johnston, Atkinson and Philipson; motorcycle: Excelsior, motor tricycle: Ariel

US. Internal-combustion: Altham, Black, Electric & internal-combustion: Brewster, Haynes-Apperson


1897


Winton Motor Carriage Company First Auto Ad
Winton Motor Carriage Company First Auto Ad

France. Steam: Montier & Gillet; electric: Krieger; internal-combustion: Grivel, Juzan, Société Parisienne, Mors; voiturette: Decauville, Richard; avant-train: Amiot

UK. Steam: Toward & Philipson; Electric: Bushbury Electric, Neale; electric phaeton: Electric Motive Power; internal-combustion: Belsize; bus: Thomas Harrington

US. Electric: Pope; Internal-combustion: Autocar, Oldsmobile, Plass, Winton

Austria-Hungary. Internal-combustion: Präsident (Tatra)


1898


Belgium. Internal-combustion: Delecroix, Métallurgique

France. Internal-combustion: Ailloud, Astresse, Auge, David & Bourgeois, De Dietrich, Lufbery, Poron, Tourey; voiturette: Le Blon, De Riancey; trucks and tractors: Latil; avant-train: Ponsard-Ansaloni

Germany. Electric: Kühlstein; internal-combustion: AWE, Wartburg

Italy. Internal-combustion: Ceirano GB & C; motor tricycle/quadricycle: Prinetti & Stucchi

UK. Electric: Oppermann; internal-combustion: Alldays & Onions, Grose, James and Browne, Madelvic, Star; tricar: Humber; motor tricycle/quadricycle: Arsenal, Eadie, Leuchters; motorcycle: Swift,

US. Steam: American Waltham; electric: Riker; internal-combustion: Rutenber, St. Louis; buggy: Stearns


1899


Century Steam Surrey - C. R. Woodlin and William Van Wagoner in 1901
Century Steam Surrey - C. R. Woodlin and William Van Wagoner in 1901

Belgium. Voiturette: Vivinus

France. Electric: Bouquet, Garcin & Schivre, Monnard; internal-combustion: Allard-Latour, Esculape, La Lorraine, Luc Court, Marot-Gardon, Raouval, Renault (including the first saloon car), Turcat-Méry; light car: Naptholette; voiturette: Andre Py, Cochotte, Populaire, Rouxel; alcohol fuelled: L'Alkolumine

Germany. Internal-combustion: Opel

Italy. Internal-combustion: Fiat

Russia. Electric: Kukushka

UK. Electric: Joel-Rosenthal; internal-combustion: Accles-Turrell, Geering; voiturette: Argyll; motor tricycle/quadricycle: Allard, Anglo-American; motorcycle: Coventry-Eagle, OK-Supreme, Quadrant, Royal Enfield

US. Steam: Century, Grout, Kensington, Keystone, Kidder, Leach, Liquid Air, Locomobile, Mobile (pre Stanley Steamer), Strathmore, Victor Steam, Waltham Steam; electric: American Electric, Baker, Columbia (taxi), Electric Vehicle, Quinby, Stearns, US Automobile, Van Wagoner, Woods; internal-combustion: American, Black, Bramwell-Robinson, Gasmobile, Gurley, Holyoke, International, Media, Oakman-Hertel, Packard (Ohio), Quick, Sintz

Louis Renault in 1903
Louis Renault in 1903

1900


Belgium. Hybrid: Pieper; internal-combustion: Nagant, Pipe; voiturette: Antoine

Canada. Electric: Canadian Motor

France. Internal-combustion: Ader, Ardent, Chenard-Walcker, Maillard, Nanceene, Otto; voiturette: Chainless, Soncin; motorcycle: Buchet, Castoldi

Germany. Internal-combustion: Adler, Albion; voiturette: AGG; motorcycle (later trucks): Phänomen

Italy. Internal-combustion: Isotta Fraschini

UK. Internal-combustion: Hewinson-Bell, Napier, Smith & Dowse; voiturette: Billings-Burns; motorcycle: Rex-Acme

US. Steam: Tractobile, Kent's Pacemaker, Porter Stanhope, Skene, Steamobile; electric: Hewitt-Lindstrom, National; internal-combustion: Auburn, Canda, California, Eureka, Holley, Keystone, Knox, Lozier, Peerless, Rambler, Stearns-Knight; tractor: Samson; truck: Detroit

Charles J. Glidden on his 1902 world tour
Charles J. Glidden on his 1902 world tour

1901


Canada. Light car: Queen

France. Internal-combustion: Charron, Corre La Licorne; voiturette: L'Ardennais, Guerraz, Henry-Dubray, Korn et Latil, Malliary; light car: De Boisse

Germany. Internal-combustion: Horch, Stoewer; motorcycle: NSU

UK. Electric: Electromobile; internal-combustion: Asquith, Imperial, John O'Gaunt, Sunbeam, paraffin fuelled: Ralph Lucas; cyclecar: Campion; light car: Ralph Gilbert; voiturette: Wolseley; motorcycle: Matchless, Singer

US. Steam: Aultman, Binney & Burnham, Covert, Desberon, Hidley, Hudson, Reading Steamer, Stearns, White; internal-combustion: Altman, Apperson, Buffalo, Buffum, De Dion, Empire, Marion, Pierce-Arrow, Schaum; touring car: Austin; runabout: Stevens-Duryea; high wheeler: Holsman; motorcycle: Indian


1902


Belgium. Internal-combustion: Minerva

France. Internal-combustion: Motobloc, Richard-Brasier

Germany. Internal-combustion: Aachener, AEG, Argus, Beaufort, NAG; motorised tricycle/quadricycle: Cyklon

Russia. Electric: Dux

Spain. Internal-combustion: Anglada

UK. Steam: Vapomobile; internal-combustion: Abingdon, Armstrong, Karminski, Maudslay, Rover, Vulcan; voiturette: Esculapeus, tricar: Advance; motorcycle: Norton, Triumph

US. Steam: Clipper, Hoffman, Richmond, Stanley; electric: Studebaker; internal-combustion: Blood, Brennan, Cadillac, Cameron, Cannon, Clarkmobile, Franklin (automobile), Gaeth, Hammer-Sommer, Kirk, Marmon, Reber; runabout: Glide (automobile), Smith, Standard Steel; touring car: Spaulding; light car: Greenleaf, Orient; buggy: American, Union; compound expansion: Eisenhuth; truck: Rapid


1903


Belgium. Internal-combustion: Excelsior

France. Internal-combustion: Ariès, Clément-Bayard, Delaunay-Belleville, Hotchkiss, Regal, Talbot; light car: Henry Bauchet

Germany. Internal-combustion bus/truck: Büssing

UK. Electric: Lems; steam (and internal-combustion): Albany; internal-combustion: Attila, Elswick, Kyma, Lea-Francis, Lee Stroyer, Standard, Vauxhall, Whitlock; avant-train: Adams; motorcycle: Chater-Lea, New Hudson, Wilkinson Sword

US. Steam: Jaxon; internal-combustion: American Chocolate (Walter), Bates, Ford, Lenawee, Marble-Swift, Matheson, Vermont, Wilson; touring car: Acme, Berg, Logan, Michigan, Iroquois, Jackson, Phelps, Premier; roadster: Buckmobile; runabout: Dingfelder, Eldredge, Marr, Mitchell, Overland, Sandusky, Tincher


1904


Canada. Internal-combustion: Russell

France. Internal-combustion: Cottin & Desgouttes, Grégoire; voiturette: Lavie; motor tricycle: La Va Bon Train

Germany. Internal-combustion: Alliance, Wenkelmobil

Italy. Internal-combustion: Itala

Spain. Internal-combustion: Hispano-Suiza

UK. Electric: Imperial; internal-combustion: Arbee, Armstrong Whitworth, Ascot, Calthorpe, Chambers, Crossley, Croxted, Iden, Motor Carrier, Queen; voiturette: Achilles; light car: Gilburt; tricar: Garrard; motorcycle: Phelon & Moore, Zenith

US. Steam: Empire Steamer; electric: Berwick, Marquette; internal-combustion: American, American Mercedes, American Napier, Christie, Cleveland, Corbin, Detroit Wheeler, Dolson, Lambert, Luverne, Maxwell, Moline, Orlo, Oscar Lear, Pierce-Racine, Queen, Sampson, Schacht, Sinclair-Scott (Maryland), Standard, Studebaker-Garford, Twyford Stanhope; touring car: Brew-Hatcher, S&M Simplex, Crestmobile, Detroit Auto, Frayer-Miller, Jeffery, Pungs Finch, Richmond, Royal, Thomas, Upton; runabout: Courier, Fredonia, Northern, Pierce, Pope-Tribune; tractor: Holt


Brass era



1905


A De Dion-Bouton in 1905
A De Dion-Bouton in 1905

France. Internal-combustion: Alliance, Brasier, Charlon, Couverchel, Delage, Eudelin, Rolland-Pilain, Sizaire-Naudin; touring car: Rebour; light car: Helbé, Urric; voiturette: Eureka; motorcycle: Herdtle & Bruneau

Germany. Steam: Altmann; internal-combustion: Ehrhardt, Hansa, Hexe, Solidor

Italy. Internal-combustion: Diatto, Zust

UK. Electric: Alexandra, Ekstromer; internal-combustion: Adams, Austin, Edismith, Riley, Sunbeam-Talbot, Talbot; light car: One of the Best; tricar: Anglian; motorcycle: Velocette

US. Electric: Rauch and Lang; internal-combustion: Aerocar, Ardsley, Ariel, Cartercar, Corwin, Crown, Harrison, Haynes, Silent Knight, Pullman, Rainier, Selden, Soules, Stoddard-Dayton; touring car: Detroit-Oxford, Diamond T, Gas-au-lec, Lambert, REO, USA Daimler; roadster: Walker, Western; light car: Bell, buggy: Deal, Hammer; motorcycle: Excelsior-Henderson, Harley-Davidson, Shawmobile

1906 American Simplex touring car
1906 American Simplex touring car

1906


Belgium. Internal-combustion: Imperia; hybrid: Auto-Mixte

France. Internal-combustion: AM, Ampère, Antoinette, Lion-Peugeot, Unic; light car: Doriot, Flandrin & Parant; voiturette and motorcycle: Alcyon

Germany. Internal-combustion: AAG

Italy. Internal-combustion: Aquila Italiana, Fial, Peugeot-Croizat, SCAT, SPA, Standard

UK. Internal-combustion: All-British, Ladas, Marlborough, Rolls-Royce; light car: Jowett; tricar: Addison, Armadale; dual-control car: Academy; hybrid bus: Tilling-Stevens; motorcycle: Dot

US. Steam: Doble, Ross; electric: Babcock; internal-combustion: ALCO, American, American Simplex, Apollo, Atlas, Bliss, Car de Luxe, Deere, Dorris, Dragon, Frontenac, Hol-Tan, Jewell, Kissel, Model, Moore (Ball-Bearing Car); touring car: Heine-Velox, Moon; roadster: Colburn; light car: Janney; high wheeler: ABC, Black, McIntyre, Success


1907


Belgium. Internal-combustion: Springuel

Canada. Internal-combustion: McLaughlin

France. Internal-combustion: Ariane, Jean-Bart, Lahaussois, Lutier, Marie de Bagneux, Prod'homme, Sinpar, Sixcyl; voiturette: Couteret, Obus, La Radieuse; voiturette tricar: Guerry et Bourguignon, Lurquin-Coudert; tricar: Austral, Mototri Contal; hybrid: AL; amphibious: Ravailler; racing car: De Bazelaire

UK. Internal-combustion: Dalgliesh-Gullane, Hillman; truck: Commer; motorcycle: Douglas

US. Electric: American Juvenile Electric, Detroit Electric; internal-combustion: Allen Kingston, Anderson, Carter Twin-Engine, Continental, Corbitt, Fuller, Griswold, Maryland, Kiblinger, Oakland, Regal, Speedwell; high wheeler: Eureka, Hatfield, Single Center, Staver; roadster: CVI; runabout: Albany, Colt Runabout, Kermath, Marvel, Nielson

Brennabor Typ A1, 1908
Brennabor Typ A1, 1908

1908


France. Internal-combustion: Le Pratic, X; phaeton: Siscart; voiturette: Roussel

Germany. Internal-combustion: Allright, Brennabor, Fafnir, Lloyd

Italy. Internal-combustion: Lancia, Marca-Tre-Spade, Temperino

Russia. Internal-combustion: Russo-Balt

UK. Internal-combustion: Arno, Sheffield-Simplex, Valveless; touring car: Argon; light car: Alex; motorcycle: Premier

US. Internal-combustion: Bendix, Coates-Goshen, Correja, Cunningham, De Luxe, General Motors, Gyroscope, Havers, Imperial, Paige, Sears, Velie; touring car: Moyer; high wheeler: Cole, De Schaum, DeWitt, Hobbie Accessible, Michigan; runabout: Simplo; cyclecar: Browniekar; buggy: Davis


1909


France. Internal-combustion: Bugatti, FL, La Ponette, Le Zèbre

Italy. Racing car: Brixia-Zust; motorcycle: Della Ferrera

Netherlands. Internal-combustion: Entrop

UK. Internal-combustion: Pilot

US. Internal-combustion: Abbott-Detroit, Anhut, Black Crow, Crow-Elkhart, Cutting, EMF, Everitt, Fuller, GJG, Hupmobile, Inter-State, Lion, Pilot; touring car: Crawford, Fal-Car, Piggins, Standard Six; roadster: Coyote, Hudson, Kauffman; runabout: Brush; small car: Herreshoff, Hitchcock, KRIT; light car: Courier; buggy: Paterson; raceabout: Mercer; racing car: McFarlan; truck: Chase, Sanford-Herbert

Brillié-Schneider Autobus running for the Compagnie Générale des Omnibus, Paris
Brillié-Schneider Autobus running for the Compagnie Générale des Omnibus, Paris

1910


Canada. Internal-combustion: Gareau

France. Internal-combustion: Ageron, Damaizin & Pujos, Margaria, Mathis, Plasson; light car: Simplicia; cyclecar: Bédélia

Germany. Internal-combustion: Ansbach, Apollo, Audi

Italy. Internal-combustion: Alfa Romeo, Chiribiri

UK. Steam: AMC; internal-combustion: Morgan, Siddeley-Deasy; cyclecar: GN

US. Electric: Grinnell; internal-combustion: Alpena, Cavac, De Mot, Flanders, Great Eagle, Kline Kar, Lexington, Maytag-Mason, Parry, Spaulding, United States; touring car: Carhartt, Chalmers, Detroit-Dearborn, Etnyre, Faulkner-Blanchard, Great Southern; tonneau: Henry, Midland; roadster: Ames, King-Remick, Penn; runabout: Empire; cyclecar: Autoette; high wheeler: Anchor Buggy; buggy: Aldo


1911


Canada. Internal-combustion: Clinton

France. Cyclecar: Enders

Germany. Internal-combustion: Excelsior-Mascot, Podeus; rotary valve: Standard

Italy. Motorcycle: Benelli

1912 Aberdonia Landau
1912 Aberdonia Landau

UK. Internal-combustion: Aberdonia, AGR, Airedale, GWK, Newton-Bennett, Roper-Corbet; cyclecar: Alvechurch, Autotrix, Lambert; motorcycle: Beardmore, Coventry-Victor, Levis, Rudge-Whitworth, Villiers

US. Electric: Hupp-Yeats, Century, Dayton Electric; internal-combustion: America, Ann Arbor, Chevrolet, Day, Gaylord, American Jonz (automobile) (The American), King, Komet, Marathon, Overland OctoAuto, Nyberg, Pilgrim of Providence, Rayfield, Stutz, Virginian, Willys; tractor: Mogul; fire-engine: Ahrens-Fox,


1912


Canada. Internal-combustion: Amherst

France. Electric: Anderson Electric, internal-combustion: Albatros, Alda, Arista, Cognet de Seynes, Hédéa, La Roulette, SCAP; light car: Luxior, truck: Laffly, avant-train: Ponts,

Hungary. Internal-combustion: Raba

Italy. Internal-combustion: Storero

Fernand Charron on an Alda at 1914 French Grand Prix
Fernand Charron on an Alda at 1914 French Grand Prix

Spain. Internal-combustion: Abadal

UK. Steam: Sheppee; internal-combustion: ABC; cyclecar: Adamson, Arden, Chota, Coventry Premier, Crouch, Hampton, HCE, Tiny, Tyseley; motorcycle: NUT, Sunbeam

US. Electric: Argo Electric, Buffalo Electric, Church-Field; internal-combustion: Anna, Briggs-Detroiter, Crane & Breed, Pathfinder, Standard; touring car: Miller, Westcott; light-car: Lad's Car, Little; tricar: American Tri-Car, motorcycle: Cyclone; truck: Brockway, Palmer-Moore


1913


1913 Russo-Balt S-24/40
1913 Russo-Balt S-24/40

Belgium. Internal-combustion: Alatac

France. Internal-combustion: Ajax, Alba, Alva, Rougier; cyclecar: Jouvie

Spain. Cyclecar: David

UK. Internal-combustion: Morris, Perry, Woodrow, WW; light car: Ace, Lucar; cyclecar: Armstrong, Athmac, Baker & Dale, Bantam, BPD, Britannia, Broadway, Carlette, Dallison, Dewcar, LAD, Lester Solus, Vee Gee, Warne, Wilbrook, Wrigley; motocycle: Montgomery

US. Electric: American Electric; internal-combustion: Allen (Ohio), Allen (Philadelphia), Chandler, Flyer, Grant, Lyons-Knight, Monarch; cyclecar: Car-Nation, Coey, Detroit Cyclecar, Downing-Detroit, Dudly Bug, Gadabout, JPL, Little Detroit Speedster, Little Princess, Twombly; touring car: Keeton; roadster: Saxon, Scripps-Booth; sports car: Duesenberg; motocycle: Bi-Autogo


1914


France. Internal-combustion: Ascot, Donnet-Zedel; light car: Nardini

Japan. Internal-combustion: DAT

Italy. Maserati

UK. Internal-combustion: Trojan, Utopian; light car: Bifort, cyclecar: Bradwell, Buckingham, Carden, Hill & Stanier, Imperial, Projecta, Simplic; motocycle: ABC

US. Electric: Ward; internal-combustion: Ajax, American, Benham, Dile, Keystone, Light, Monroe, MPM, Partin, Willys-Knight; touring car: Alter; roadster: Metz, Vulcan; light car: Fischer, Lincoln; cyclecar: Argo, Arrow, Biesel, CAC, Cricket, Davis, Dodge, Engler, Excel, Hawk, Logan, LuLu, Malcolm Jones, Mercury, Motor Bob, O-We-Go, Xenia

1914 Xenia
1914 Xenia

1915


Canada. Internal-combustion: Gray-Dort, Regal

UK. Internal-combustion: Atalanta; sports car: Aston Martin

US. Electric: Menominee, hybrid electric: Owen Magnetic, internal-combustion: All-Steel, Apple, Biddle, Bour-Davis, Briscoe, Dort, Elcar, Herff-Brooks, Hollier, Ross, Smith Flyer, light car: Bell, Harvard, cyclecar: Koppin, racing car: Frontenac,


1916


Russia: AMO

US. Electric: Belmont; internal-combustion: Aland, American Junior,[4] Auto Red Bug,[4] Bush, Daniels, Dixie Flyer, Hackett, HAL, Jordan, Liberty, Sun, Yale; touring car: Barley, Marion-Handley,

Germany: BMW


1917


The Moose Jaw Standard
The Moose Jaw Standard

Canada. Internal-combustion: Moose Jaw Standard

UK. Cyclecar: Gibbons

US. Internal-combustion: Able, Amalgamated, American, Anderson, Columbia, Commonwealth, Piedmont, Shad-Wyck, Templar; touring car: Harroun, Nelson, Olympian; light car: Gem; truck: Nash,


1918


Italy: trucks OM

UK. Internal-combustion: All British Ford; motorcycle: Cotton

US. Steam: Bryan, internal-combustion: Essex; motorcycle: Ner-a-Car

1922 Castle Three
1922 Castle Three

1919


France. Internal-combustion: Avions Voisin, Butterosi, Citroen, Leyat, Salmson; cyclecar: ASS, Soriano-Pedroso

Germany. Internal-combustion: AGA, Anker

UK. Internal-combustion: Alvis, Angus-Sanderson, Armstrong Siddeley, Ashton-Evans, Bentley, Dawson, Eric-Campbell, Maiflower, Ruston-Hornsby, Willys Overland Crossley; cyclecar: Aero Car, Ashby, AV, Castle Three, Economic, Tamplin; motorcycle: Brough Superior, Coventry-Victor, Dunelt, Duzmo

US. Internal-combustion: Amco, Argonne, Climber, Du Pont, Graham-Paige; truck: Huffman


Vintage era



1920


Belgium. Light car: ALP

1922 Gardner Roadster
1922 Gardner Roadster

France. Electric: Electricar; internal-combustion: Janémian, Jouffret, Radior; cyclecar: Able, Ajams, Astatic, La Comfortable, De Marçay, Elfe, Kevah, Santax; sports car: Fonlupt

Germany. Internal-combustion: Joswin, Selve; touring car: Steiger

Japan: Mazda

UK. Internal-combustion: Aeroford, Cubitt, Galloway, Palmerston, Payze; light car: Albert; cyclecar: Allwyn, Archer, Baughan, Bell, Black Prince, Blériot-Whippet, Bound, Cambro, CFB, Winson; sports car: Sports Junior

USA: Ace, Alsace, Aluminum, Astra, Binghamton Electric, Carroll, Colonial, Colonial/Shaw, Friend, Gardner, Gray Light Car, LaFayette, Lorraine, Mason Truck, Sheridan, Standard Steam Car, Stanwood


1921


Canada: Brock Six, London Six

Birmingham Motors demonstration in 1921
Birmingham Motors demonstration in 1921

France: Amilcar, Ballot, Bernardet, Coadou et Fleury, Colda, Le Favori, Georges Irat, Hinstin, Janoir, Madoz, Quo Vadis, Le Roitelet, Solanet

Germany: Alfi, Arimofa, Atlantic, Pawi, Rumpler Tropfenwagen, Zündapp

Italy: Ansaldo, Aurea, IENA, motorcycle: Moto Guzzi

Japan: Ales

UK: Amazon, Barnard, Scott Sociable, Skeoch

US. Steam: Coats, Davis, internal combustion: Adria, Aero Car, Ajax, Automatic, Birmingham, Colonial, Davis Totem, Durant, Earl, Handley-Knight, Jacquet Flyer, Kessler, Wills Sainte Claire


1922


Canada: Colonial

France: Astra, Bucciali, Induco, JG, Vaillant

Germany: Juho, Komet

UK: Abbey, Abingdon, Albatros, Alberford, Aster, Atomette, Autogear, Baby Blake, Bean, Bow-V-Car, Christchurch-Campbell, Clyno, Frazer Nash, Gwynne, Packman & Poppe, Wigan-Barlow, Xtra

US. Steam: Alena, American Steamer, Endurance, internal combustion: ABC, Anahuac, Ansted-Lexington, Checker, DAC, Dagmar, Detroit, Gray, Jewett, Kess-Line 8, Rickenbacker, Star, Stewart-Coats


1923


Belgium: ADK, De Wandre, Juwel

Canada. Steam: Brooks

France: Bell, Henou, Willème

Germany: Alan, Kenter, Pilot, motorcycle: BMW

UK: Astral, Urecar

1925 Flint B-40 Touring
1925 Flint B-40 Touring

USA: Flint, Rugby


1924


Czech Republic: Skoda

France: AEM, AS, Le Cabri, De Sanzy, Elgé, Jean Gras, Jousset

Germany: Amor, Ehrhardt-Szawe, Tempo

Japan: Otomo

UK: HRD, Morris, Paydell

US. Steam: American; internal-combustion: Chrysler, Junior R, Pennant

1927 Brocklebank Six
1927 Brocklebank Six

1925


Belgium: Jeecy-Vea

France: Heinis, Jack Sport

Germany: Hanomag, Sablatnig-Beuchelt, Seidel-Arop

Italy: Amilcar Italiana, Maggiora, Moretti

UK: Brocklebank, Invicta, Jappic, McEvoy, MG

USA: Empire Steam Car, Ajax, Diana


1926


France: Alma, Arzac, Chaigneau-Brasier, Constantinesco, Lambert, Ratier, SAFAF, Sensaud de Lavaud, Tracta

Germany: Daimler-Benz, Gutbrod, Mercedes-Benz

UK: Arab, HP, Marendaz, Swallow

USA: Ansted, Divco, Dodgeson

1927 Falcon-Knight Model 10 Touring
1927 Falcon-Knight Model 10 Touring

Pontiac


1927


France: Rosengart, Silva-Coroner

UK: Arrol-Aster, Avro, Streamline (Burney Car)

USA: Falcon-Knight, Graham-Paige, LaSalle

Sweden: Volvo


1928


Germany: BMW, DKW

UK: Ascot, Vincent

USA: DeSoto, Plymouth

1930 Michel Irat
1930 Michel Irat

1929


France: Alphi, Michel Irat

Germany: Borgward

Italy: Ferrari

Soviet Union. Motorcycle: Izh

Spain: National Pescara

UK: Alta

USA: American Austin, Blackhawk, Cord, Roosevelt, Ruxton, Viking, Windsor


Pre-war years



1930


Belgium: Astra

France: AER, Virus

Germany: Ardie-Ganz

Soviet Union: KIM

1931 Austin 7 Swallow saloon
1931 Austin 7 Swallow saloon

1931


Germany: Maikäfer

Soviet Union: ZIS

Japan: Datsun

UK: Squire

USA: De Vaux, Hoffman (Detroit automobile)


1932


Italy: Nardi

Poland: Polski Fiat

Soviet Union: GAZ

UK: Vale Special

USA: Allied, De Vaux Continental, Jaeger


1933


France: Tracford

Germany: Standard Superior

UK: André, Railton

USA: Continental


1934


1934 Bungartz Burtz
1934 Bungartz Burtz

France: Simca

Germany: Auto Union, Bungartz Butz

Japan: Ohta Jidosha

UK: Aveling-Barford, British Salmson, Rytecraft


1935


France: Talbot-Lago

Germany: Henschel

UK: Autovia, Batten, Jensen, Reliant

USA: Stout Scarab


1936


France: Darl'mat, Monocar

UK: Allard, HRG, Lammas, Lloyd, Skirrow

Japan: Toyota


1937


France: Ardex, Danvignes

Germany: Volkswagen

UK: Atalanta


1938


France: DB, Rolux

UK: Nuffield


War years



1939


Soviet Union: SMZ

USA: Albatross, Crosley, truck: Peterbilt

Italy: Ferrari


1940


UK: DMW


1941


Soviet Union: UAZ; motorcycle: IMZ-Ural


1942


Brazil. Trucks: F.N.M.


1943


Soviet Union. Trucks: Ural


1945


Soviet Union. Motorcycle: Dnipro

UK: Bristol, Healey

USA: Kaiser-Frazer


Post-war years


1947 Cisitalia 202 Cabriolet
1947 Cisitalia 202 Cabriolet

1946


France: Chappe et Gessalin, Mochet, Rovin

Germany: Messerschmitt

Hungary: Csepel

Italy: Bandini, Cisitalia, Stanguellini; Trucks: Astra Veicoli Industriali

Soviet Union: Moskvitch; motorcycle: ZiD

Spain: Pegaso

UK: Cooper

USA: American Motors Incorporated, Frazer


1947


Canada: Studebaker

France: Aerocarene, Alamagny

Italy: Innocenti, Lambretta, Maserati, O.S.C.A.

Soviet Union. Trucks: Minsk Automobile Plant

UK: Ambassador, Ausfod, Buckler

USA: Airscoot, Davis, Playboy

1948 Tucker Torpedo
1948 Tucker Torpedo

1948


France: J-P Wimille

Germany: Fend Flitzer

Italy: Fimer, Iso Rivolta, Siata

Japan. Motorcycle: Marusho

Soviet Union. Trucks: BelAZ

UK: EMC, Land Rover, Rochdale, Thundersley Invacar

USA: Autoette, Keller, Tucker Sedan


1949


France: Atlas

India: AUTOPRD

Soviet Union: RAF

Japan: Honda (Motorcycle)

UK: Dellow, Jaguar Cars

USA: Aerocar, Airway, Glasspar G2; scooter: PMC


1950


France: Autobleu

Germany: Fuldamobil, Kersting-Modellbauwerkstätten, Kleinschnittger, Staunau

Spain: SEAT

UK: Marauder, Paramount

USA: Muntz


1951


France: Atlas, Automobiles Marathon, Le Piaf, Reyonnah

Germany: Glas

Poland: FSO

Soviet Union. Trucks: KAZ; motorcycle: Minsk

UK: Arnott, Russon, Turner

USA: Nash-Healey


1952


France: Martin-Spéciale, Poinard

Germany: Brütsch, Champion

Soviet Union: PAZ

UK: Austin-Healey, BMC, Greeves, Lotus

USA: Allstate, Woodill


1953


Germany: EMW

USA: Eshelman, Fina-Sport


1954


France: Alpine, Facel Vega

Spain: Serveta

UK: Astra, Fairthorpe, Rodley, Swallow Doretti

USA: AMC, Studebaker-Packard


1955


Belgium: Meeussen

France: Saviem, VELAM

Germany: Goggomobil, Zwickau

Italy: Autobianchi

Soviet Union: LAZ, LuAZ

UK: Ashley, Elva


1956


France: Arista

Germany: Heinkel Kabine

Soviet Union: ZiL, KAG; scooter: TMZ, Vyatka

UK: Berkeley, Tourette

USA: Auto Cub, Devin, Dual-Ghia


1957


France: Arbel, Atla

Germany: Neckar, Trabant

UK: Peerless (Warwick), Scootacar, Tornado

USA: Aurora, Hackney


1958


Soviet Union: KAvZ; trucks: BAZ, KrAZ

UK: Gill, Frisky

USA: Edsel, Streco Turnpike Cruiser


1959


India: Vehicle Factory Jabalpur

Soviet Union: LiAZ

UK: Bristol Siddeley, Gilbern, Marcos

USA: Argonaut, Nu-Klea Starlite


Classic era



1960


India: Ideal Jawa

UK: Ausper, Brabham, Rickman

US. Replica veteran car: Gaslight


1961


Germany: Amphicar

Soviet Union: ZAZ

UK: Diva


1962


Canada: Acadian

France: Automobiles René Bonnet

Soviet Union: AvtoKuban

Japan. Motorcycle: Kawasaki

USA: Apollo


1963


Italy: ATS, Scuderia Serenissima, Lamborghini

UK: Bond, Gordon-Keeble

USA: Exner Revival Cars; trucks: Marmon

Japan: Honda (Car)


1964


Italy: ASA

Soviet Union: ErAZ

USA: Fiberfab


1965


France: Matra

India: Heavy Vehicles Factory

Italy: Ferves

Soviet Union: IzhAvto

Spain: IPV

UK: Jago, Peel


1966


Bulgaria: Bulgarrenault

Italy: Bizzarrini

Soviet Union: Lada; trucks: MoAZ

Romania: Dacia

UK: Norton-Villiers, Trident, Unipower


1967


India: TATA MOTORS


1968


Italy: Autozodiaco, LMX Sirex

Turkey: Tofaş

UK: Piper

USA: Savage GT


1969


Soviet Union. Trucks: Kamaz

UK: Enfield


See also



References


  1. David Burgess Wise (2000). The New Illustrated Encyclopedia of Automobiles, BookSales Inc, 560pp, ISBN 978-0-7858-1106-0.
  2. G.N. Georgano, N. (2000). Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. London: HMSO. ISBN 1-57958-293-1.
  3. P. Roberts (1973). A Picture History of the Automobile, Ward Lock Ltd, London, UK. ISBN 0-7063-1301-1.
  4. Horvath, Dennis E. "Indiana Built". Cruise-IN.com. Retrieved 24 January 2015.



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